Assessment of sub-sea acoustic noise and vibration from offshore wind turbines and its impact on marine wildlife; initial measurements of underwater noise during construction of offshore wind farms, and comparison with background noise.
Nedwell, J., Langworthy, J. and Howell, D.,
The report presents a significant body of underwater noise measurements taken in the period April 2003 to January 2004 at operational and construction stage windfarm sites in the UK. A detailed analysis of the measurements has been made which indicates the spatial, temporal and statistical properties of the noise. An estimation of the likely behavioural and physical effects on a selection of the most common species of fish and marine mammals is also presented using both conventional analysis and the dBht (species) scale.
Link To Publication
Some links to publications are behind pay-walls and hence might not be readily accessible to the public