Sound in the oceans is generated by a variety of natural sources, such as breaking waves, rain, and marine animals, as well as a variety of...
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The mortality threshold for juvenile herring exposed to sonar signals is 180-190 dB (re 1μPa), and for other species even higher. This report analyses the potential...
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Safety criteria for underwater low-frequency active sonar sounds produced during naval exercises are needed to protect harbor porpoise hearing. As a first step toward defining criteria,...
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Safety criteria for mid-frequency naval sonar sounds are needed to protect harbor porpoise hearing. A porpoise was exposed to sequences of one-second 6–7 kHz sonar down-sweeps,...
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Military antisubmarine sonars produce intense sounds within the hearing range of most clupeid fish. The behavioral reactions of overwintering herring (Clupea harengus) to sonar signals of...
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Caged fish were exposed to sound from mid-frequency active (MFA) transducers in a 5 × 5 planar array which simulated MFA sounds at received sound pressure...
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This study investigated immediate effects of intense sound exposure associated with low-frequency (170–320 Hz) or with mid-frequency (2·8–3·8 kHz) sonars on caged rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss,...
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The purpose of this Report is to provide an understanding of what is known and not known about the effects of human-generated (anthropogenic) sound on fish,...
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This project investigated the relationship between the oil industry‘s offshore E&P activities and trends in the distribution, abundance and rates of increase of key cetacean stocks...
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Beaked whales have mass stranded during some naval sonar exercises, but the cause is unknown. They are difficult to sight but can reliably be detected by...
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