» Keywords » Metabolic rate

EIA Database

East or west: the energetic cost of being a gray whale and the consequence of losing energy to disturbance

2017
Open Access Peer Reviewed Publication

Endangered Species Research

Villegas-Amtmann, S., L. K. Schwarz, G. Gailey, O. Sychenko, and D. P. Costa

Western gray whales (WGW) Eschrichtius robustus are considered one of the world’s most endangered baleen whale populations. Development of oil and gas fields in northeastern Sakhalin,...
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Keywords: Bioenergetics, Disturbance costs, Energy loss, Eschrichtius robustus, Foraging costs, Metabolic rate, Migration costs, Reproductive costs, Western gray whale

A bioenergetics model to evaluate demographic consequences of disturbance in marine mammals applied to gray whales

2015
Open Access Peer Reviewed Publication

Ecosphere

Villegas-Amtmann, S., Schwarz, L.K, Sumich, J.L & Costa, D.P

While sophisticated tools are used to monitor behavioral changes of large marine vertebrates, determining whether these changes are meaningful for management and conservation is challenging. The...
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Keywords: Bayesian analysis, Cetacean, Energetic cost, Eschrichtius robustus, Metabolic rate

Adapted to change: Low energy requirements in a low and unpredictable productivity environment, the case of the Galapagos sea lion

2016
Pay-walled/Intertek link Peer Reviewed Publication

Deep-Sea Research II in press

Villegas-Amtmann, S., McDonald, B., Paez-Rosas, D., Aurioles-Gamboa, D. et al.

The rate of energy expenditure and acquisition are fundamental components of an animals’ life history. Within mammals, the otariids (sea lions and fur seals) exhibit energetically...
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Keywords: Diving behavior, Double labeled water, Metabolic rate, Otariids, Zalophus wollwbaeki