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EIA Database

East or west: the energetic cost of being a gray whale and the consequence of losing energy to disturbance

2017
Open Access Peer Reviewed Publication

Endangered Species Research

Villegas-Amtmann, S., L. K. Schwarz, G. Gailey, O. Sychenko, and D. P. Costa

Western gray whales (WGW) Eschrichtius robustus are considered one of the world’s most endangered baleen whale populations. Development of oil and gas fields in northeastern Sakhalin,...
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Keywords: Bioenergetics, Disturbance costs, Energy loss, Eschrichtius robustus, Foraging costs, Metabolic rate, Migration costs, Reproductive costs, Western gray whale